一些不常使用但有趣的 Git 命令

git clone REMOTE_GIT_URL --config core.sshCommand="ssh -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.other"

# ~/.gitconfig

[user]
  name = Your Name
  email = your.email@example.com

[includeIf "gitdir:~/work/"]
  path = ~/work/gitconfig-work

[includeIf "gitdir:~/personal/"]
  path = ~/personal/gitconfig-personal

# 判断第一个分支是其他分支的祖先吗
git merge-base --is-ancestor your/feature-brance origin/master

# 删除本地分支
git branch --merged | xargs git branch -d
# 删除远程分支
git branch -r --merged | sed 's/origin\///' | xargs -I {} git push origin :{}

echo "/your-some-file" >> .git/info/exclude

git diff origin/dev -- path/to/filename

#!/bin/sh

# An example hook script to verify what is about to be pushed.  Called by "git
# push" after it has checked the remote status, but before anything has been
# pushed.  If this script exits with a non-zero status nothing will be pushed.
#
# This hook is called with the following parameters:
#
# $1 -- Name of the remote to which the push is being done
# $2 -- URL to which the push is being done
#
# If pushing without using a named remote those arguments will be equal.
#
# Information about the commits which are being pushed is supplied as lines to
# the standard input in the form:
#
#   <local ref> <local oid> <remote ref> <remote oid>

remote="$1"
url="$2"

protected_branch="main"
protected_remote_ref="refs/heads/${protected_branch}"
while read local_ref local_oid remote_ref remote_oid
do
    # echo "$local_ref" "$local_oid" "$remote_ref" "$remote_oid"
    if test "$remote_ref" = "$protected_remote_ref"
    then
        echo >&2 "分支 ${protected_branch} 为受保护的分支, 不允许推送"
        exit 1
    fi
done

exit 0

# 告诉Git忽略对文件的修改，即使文件已经被修改，Git也不会将其标记为已修改
git update-index --assume-unchange Dockerfile

git update-index --no-assume-unchange Dockerfile

git checkout -

sed -i -E 's/\s+$//' $(git ls-files '*.cpp' '*.h')
# 或者使用更强大的 git grep 来搜索文件
sed -i -E '...' $(git grep -lw Foo '*.cpp' '*.h')

# 所有分支, 按照最后提交时间正序排列
git for-each-ref --sort=committerdate refs/heads/ \
    --format='%(committerdate:short) %(refname:short)'
# 获取最近更新的5个分支名
git for-each-ref --sort=committerdate refs/heads/ \
    --format='%(committerdate:short) %(refname:short)' | tail -5 | cut -c 12-
# 列出最近更新的 5 个分支名
git for-each-ref --sort=-committerdate --count=5 --format='%(refname:short) %(committerdate:relative)' refs/heads/

git filter-branch -f --index-filter 'git rm -rf --cached --ignore-unmatch YOUR_PRIVATE_FILE_PATH' HEAD

git filter-branch --env-filter '
OLD_EMAIL="旧的邮箱地址"
CORRECT_NAME="正确的作者名字"
CORRECT_EMAIL="正确的邮箱地址"
if [ "$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL" = "$OLD_EMAIL" ]; then
    export GIT_COMMITTER_NAME="$CORRECT_NAME"
    export GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL="$CORRECT_EMAIL"
fi
if [ "$GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL" = "$OLD_EMAIL" ]; then
    export GIT_AUTHOR_NAME="$CORRECT_NAME"
    export GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL="$CORRECT_EMAIL"
fi
' --tag-name-filter cat -- --branches --tags